14/10/08

jejak lankah

Jejak KPA Mersi di LLA Lindri Land Rock XVIII

Posted by: mersi on: Mei 23, 2008

By: Kikie (Team KPA Mersi)

Perjalanan ini……

Kali ini Lomba lintas alam lindri land rock XVIII diadakan di desa Ngentrong kec. Campur darat Tulung Agung Jawa Timur. Rombongan kali ini terdiri dari 5 orang, semuanya berasal dari mahasiswa jogja asal sumatera barat yang sedang berada di rantau. Lebih sedikit memang jika dibandingkan dengan rombongan yang mengikuti lomba yang antebellum diikuti di klaten. Mungkin karena kesibukan para anggota lain dalam kegiatan perkuliahannya masing-masing yang memang saat ini sedang dalam persiapan untuk ujian akhir semester. Namun sedikitnya anggota tidak menyurutkan niat dan ambisi kami untuk berangkat mengikuti lomba dengan membawa nama besar Asrama mahasiswa sumatera barat Merapi-Singgalang Yogyakarta.

Mungkin karena komitmen yang sebelumnya telah kami sepakati juga. Kelima ”bed packer” itu adalah : D ’oeT doank, Dhodie (fak.kedokteran hewan UGM), Kie-kiE (fak.ekonomi UMY), OesMan ( fak.UGM), dan ArieF (Ca-Mah UGM). 3 hari pra-keberangkatan, kami semua telah sibuk untuk mencari alat-alat yang diperlukan untuk berangkat besok harinya. Ada yang minjem, mbooking alat temen, dan juga beli alat-alat tersebut, seperti : sleeping bed, senter, jas hujan, matras, kerel, sabun, rokok???(semuanya aja deh…). Karena itu, kami juga berterima kasih kepada teman-teman semua yang telah dengan rela hati untuk meminjamkan alat2nya maupun yang mensupport kami untuk mengikuti lomba ini.

Dan pada hari ”h” keberangkatan di jum’at malam 16 mei 08, terjadi sedikit masalah pada rombongan kami. Ternyata kereta api yang akan kami tumpangi ke arah surabaya pada pukul 24:00 itu tidak ada. Entah siapa dulunya yang punya informasi tentang adanya kereta yang akan berangkat pada jam tersebut. Karena itu, penulis dan Dhodie mendapat tugas untuk mengecek jam keberangkatan kereta yang kearah surabaya lainnya di stasiun lempuyangan jogja.

Dan ternyata…………..Alhamdulillah…ada!!! yaitu kereta Gaya baru malam dari jakarta-surabaya. Namun kereta tersebut tidak berhenti di stasiun kediri, hanya di stasiun Solo dan stasiun Malang. Kereta berangkat dari stasiun lempuyangan dijadwalkan oleh petugas pada pukul 21:40, dan pada waktu itu jam sudah menunjukkan pukul 20:55. dengan buru-buru, penulis dan Dhodie tancap gas pulang ke asrama untuk memberitahukan kepada anggota yang lain untuk bersiap-siap.

Semua barang-barang dicek kembali oleh ketua rombongan D ’oeT doank untuk memastikan kesiapan para anggota. Dan memang, ternyata senter-senter yang telah dikumpulkan ada yang rusak sehingga jumlahnya berkurang!!! Setelah dipijit-pijit dan dibacakan mantra oleh bang Kho-mAr, salah satu senter yang rusak berhasil hidup. Ada satu senter lagi yang masih ngeyel, yang membuat bang Kho-mAr menyerah angkat tangan. Senter adalah alat yang paling krusial (krusial apaan siiih!!!) pada lomba kali ini, karena start perlombaan dimulai pada pukul 12 malam.

Bayangin aja,, ngeri kan (belum dibayangin udah ngeri,, piye sih dab!?) apabila kami berjalan sewaktu lomba tanpa alat penerangan ini. Dan kami juga percaya jika senter ini termasuk dalam kriteria penilaian panitia lomba dalam hal perlengkapan peralatan. Dan akhirnya dengan naluri minjem yang tajam, penulis mencoba untuk menanyakan kepada Wan In apakah mempunyai senter, karena untuk sedikit informasi, Wan In mempunyai peralatan-peralatan kegiatan alam yang paling lengkap di Asrama. Maklum, Wan In adalah senior kami juga di KPA MERSI(Kelompok Pencinta Alam Merapi Singgalang). Setelah semuanya dirasa lengkap, waktu sudah menunjukkan pukul 21:30. Setelah cross-check selesai, kami pamitan dan mohon do’a dari semua warga Asrama Merapi-Singgalang.

Keberangkatan kami diiringi dengan letusan mercon warga sekitar dan pelajar smu 4 jogja yang sangat indah dan berwarna-warni. He,,, numpang moment gitu loh….,, kami diantar ke stasiun lempuyangan jogja oleh saudara-saudara seatap di asrama: saudara erick-yix, saudara Egha, saudara Yusra, saudara Andri-guys, n saudara ……Setibanya di stasiun pukul 22:10, kami langsung mencari informasi apakah kereta telah lewat atau belum. Dan Ternyata memang benar lirik dalam salah satu lagunya bang Iwan Fals ” kereta terlambat 2 jam itu biasa” ,,, dan hal ini menguntungkan kami dalam situasi saat ini(he,,ternyata ada manfaatnya juga lho bang Iwan).

Pukul 22:25, kereta akhirnya datang dan kami langsung mencari tempat di gerbong yang kosong. Karena tidak ada tempat yang kosong, kami akhirnya duduk di sambungan gerbong belakang bersamaan dengan teman-teman yang biasa ngamen di kereta. Suasana ini sangat berkesan sekali, khususnya bagi penulis. Karena penulis baru kali ini naik kereta di tanah Jawa, dan kesan pertama ini sangat menggoda(opoh ikih,,,). Naik kereta ke-dua kalinya (solo-tulungagung) juga begitu halnya, sangat berkesan sekali!!! Kesan kedua sangat menggoda(opoh meneh iki,,,). Sesampainya di stasiun tulungagung, kami langsung mencari mushola untuk melaksanakan sholat Shubuh. Setelah selesai sholat dan istirahat sejenak, kami langsung bergerak jalan ke arah terminal tulungagung. Sewaktu baru di luar stasiun, kami bertemu dengan mbak2 cakep(kata D ’oeT doank lho) yang sedang mendorong sepeda motornya yang sepertinya lagi rusak. Kami langsung nanya dimana terminal tulungagung.

Dengan logat yang suanguatt medhok kami diberitahu kalau terminal tidak terlalu jauh dan kami sudah berjalan di jalan yang benar(opo iki…). Hubungan simbiosis mutualisme pun terjadi antara kami, penulis mencoba melihat keadaan motor. Mulai dari mengecek bensin(nggak lucu kan klw ternyata bensinnya yg habis!!!???), sampe ke cangkok businya. Dan memang, cangkok tersebut sedikit longgar sehingga masukan api dari CDI ke busi tidak ada. Setelah itu dengan meng ”engkol” sambil mengucapkan Bismillahirrahmanirrahim,, fuahh…motor itu langsung hidup. Hore..!!!!?? setelah itu si mbak berpelukan dan cipika-cipiki dengan kami (whuuu,, maunya!!!!). Nggak kok, nggak gitu kok kejadiannya. Udah ya, lewat ya….,, nyampe di perempatan ”trotoar keramik” kami nanya lagi ke mas2 kondektur angkot (nyinyia….!!!). dan eee… nggak taunya si mas kondektur itu ngelakoni angkot yang mau ke pantai popoh, tujuan kami itu.

Setelah sedikit negosiasi dan tarik-ulur masalah..,, masalah apa hayo???yoi… (pitih..kapitih/uang)Langsung aja tanpa basah-basah eh salah basa-basi, kami naik kemobil angkot yang ”lumayan” tersebut. Setelah melewati perjalanan yang kurang lebih memakan waktu 1jam itu, akhirnya kami tiba di lokasi lomba. Sebelumnya kami sedikit tidak percaya lho,, kalo itu lokasi lomba nya. Karena dengan scope lomba yang nasional, tentunya ada petunjuk-petunjuk yang dapat ditemui di pinggir2 jalan seperti spanduk, umbul2, famflet, atw petunjuk lain yang memudahkan peserta lomba untuk menemukan lokasi. Namun kami ambil positifnya aja(karena dari dulu kami memang pemuda-pemuda yang berpikiran positif gitu loh).

Dan ternyata feeling kami betul, lokasi sekretariat panitia lomba dipindah ke lokasi lombanya. Begitu sampai, kami langsung berinisiatif untuk mencari warung makan terdekat (inisiatif po lapar mas!!). setelah nyampe di warung makan, langsung saja kami serempak request nasi ayam(he..pitih banyak!?) kecuali D ’oeT doank, yang secara ”berani” mesen soto nasi aja. Ternyata si Mamie pemilik warung makan itu suanguatt bbaik sekale. Kami dipersilahkan mandi dan istirahat di rumahnya(monggo mas- monggo…), setelah puas istirahat dan nonton-nonton tv di rumahnya kami pamit ke masjid untuk sholat dzuhur, karena waktu sholat dzuhur telah masuk. Nyampe di masjid, kami heran kok masjid masih sepi ya padahal waktu dzuhur kan telah masuk. Karena teras masjid kelihatan sedikit kotor, kami inisiatif lagi untuk membersihkannya(ini baru inisiatif!!). setelah sholat kami istirahat lagi di teras masjid, maklum perjalanan dari jogja sangat menguras tenaga kami (apalagi di kereta tuh).

Setelah masuk waktu Ashar, kami sholat berjama’ah lagi(bukan korupsi berjama’ah lo??), setelah selesai sholat, kami didatangi seorang bapak muda. Setelah sedikit berbasa-basi rupanya si bapak juga salah satu anggota lomba yang mengambil di jalur perorangan 35 tahun ke atas. Tentu saja perbincangan menjadi seru karena si bapak muda ini juga telah pernah mengikuti lomba Lindri Land Rock ini di lokasi yang sama. Dan juga tentunya D ’oeT doank seperti mendapat seorang teman ngobrol yang sebaya dengannya(huahuaahaaahaa). Setelah mendapat informasi yang cukup, kami kompak untuk mendaftar setelah sholat isya aja karena perjalanan dari masjid ke sekretariat cukup jauh (3 kilo-an). Setelah sampai di sekretariat, kami langsung memesan tiket lomba(tiket??).

Sementara kami istirahat, saudara Dhodie datang dari antrean dengan wajah kecewa dan sedikit mesumnya. Saudara Dhodie mengatakan kalau insert lomba telah habis diborong peserta. Sontak saja kami semua langsung panik, udah jauh-jauh dari jogja mau lomba ee.. nggak taunya nggak bisa ikutan lomba. Untungnya setelah mendinginkan kepala di antrean yang umumnya remaja n remaji (lho??, mendinginkan kepala kok di antrean??hayo,,ngapain tuh!!???) kami menemui panitia dan mengatakan kalau kami sudah booking insert lomba 3 hari sebelumnya, kami disuruh tunggu dan sementara si mbak panitia itu mau menemui ketua umum panitia untuk menanyakan perihal ini.

Setelah menunggu kurang lebih 10 menit, kami disuruh masuk ke dalam loket pembelian insert, di dalam loket kami bertemu dengan ketua umum panitia pak Totho, beliau menjelaskan kalau memang yang booking sudah di masukkan kedalam kelompok peserta sampai pukul 11 malam. Kami bersyukur sekali mendengar penjelasan beliau, dan setelah itu si Mbak panitia tadi membimbing kami untuk mengisi formulir pendaftaran. Mbak itu juga mengatakan kalau memang terjadi missunderstanding antar panitia saat ini. Setelah di dalam, penulis and D ’oeT doank kaget dengan sapaan mbak Lindri dari panitia lainnya terhadap mbak yang membimbing kami itu. Lindri??,,,,
Penulis : masak mbak ketek ko yang si lindri tu da ut??
D ’oeT doank : tu lah,, aden paniang lo komah. Masak iyo paja ko si Lindri, kemat pulo lai tuh…he…
Setelah memastikan dengan sepasti-pastinya, kami berdua baru percaya kalo mbak itu memang Lindri ”si pembuat rekor MURI”.

Kami berlima dibagi menjadi 2 kelas lomba, D ’oeT doank, OesMan, n ArieF dikelompokkan dalam satu team, sementara penulis(KiekiE) dan Dhodie dipisah dalam kriteria peserta perorangan putra. Melihat banyaknya peserta yang ikut, kami mengalami sedikit nervous sebelum lomba. Lebih kurang pukul 10:20 malam, daerah lomba diguyur hujan yang lumayan deras. Hal ini membuat kami lebih tegang lagi(apaan tu???), karena kami belum pernah melihat medan yang akan di lalui apalagi di saat hujan seperti ini. Ternyata hujan hanya sebentar(cuman 10 menit), kata peserta lain yang berasal dari daerah setempat ini adalah hujan yang disengaja diturunkan untuk membasahi jalur lomba agar tidak terlalu berkabut(hmm,,gitu ya??menurut kami semua hujan emang disengaja,, tul gak??). kelompok kami yg terdiri dari team mendapat nomor dada di urutan 166, sedangkan penulis dan Dhodie yang di peserta perorangan putra mendapat nomor dada berurutan yaitu 691 dan 692.

Setelah menunggu sampai pukul 12 teng, akhirnya lomba pun dibuka oleh ketua umum panitia pak Totho(ini baru disiplin), karena jumlah peserta yang sangat bbuanyuak (lebih kurang 3000 peserta)lapangan start pun menjadi bbuecuekk. Dan kami pun(KiekiE n Dhodie) start di gelombang ke7 pada pukul 01:20. Setelah dilepas start lebih kurang 200m perjalanan, kami disuguhkan tantangan pertama yaitu menyeberang sungai dengan jaring ikat (seru kan!!), tantangan pertama ini membuat sedikit sepatu kami menjadi basah dan ini menyulitkan kami untuk naik di jalanan yang bbuecuekk (apo ko!!?!??). Kami berdua adalah peserta perorangan, namun karena nomor dada kami berurutan, kami kompak aja buat jalan bareng dari start dan toh banyak juga peserta lain yang seperti ini.

Di depan panitia, kami berdua berlagak adalah peserta yang berbeda yang barusan kenal di lokasi start. Sehingga terpaksalah kami berbahasa Indonesia raya(patah-patah lidah kami waktu itu ma, tapi gimana lagi,, terpaksa kita) >> lebih kurang seperti itu. Sesampainya di daerah perkampungan kami baru sedikit lega karena jalannya terbuat dari beton campur aspal dikit buanget. Dengan diiringi kicauan para remaja yang tengah menikmati malam dan kebetulan itu adalah malam yang panjang dan malam yang asyik buat pacaran, malam apa hayo??(yoa, malam minggu!!,, itu se ndak tau!!) kami melintasi daerah perkampungan tersebut lebih kurang 30 menit yang akhirnya pindah ke jalur jalan raya. Petunjuk jalan dalam lomba ini hanya goresan cat berwarna merah berlogo panah, tak ada lagi embel2 lain.

Dan setelah melewati jalur jalan raya selama lebih kurang 40 menit, kami di hidangkan tantangan kedua, yaitu menaiki jalur berbatu keras bekas pertambangan bahan dasar keramik. Jalur mendaki ini lebih kurang 600m, dan memakan waktu satu jam. Setelah melewati jalur mendaki ini barulah bertemu pos 1, di pos ini kami disuruh lapor nomor dada dan memberikan kartu start pos 1. penulis istirahat dulu sejenak sementara saudara Dhodie terus melanjutkan perjalanan ke pos berikutnya sehingga kami berpisah dari pos 1 ini. Dari pos 1, perjalanan sangat bervariasi, kadang menurun, kadang mendaki, namun sepertinya lebih banyak mendaki deh. Setelah menempuh perjalanan lebih kurang 45 menit kami berhadapan dengan rute pinggir pantai, tantangan kali ini adalah menyeberangi muara sungai dengan menggunakan seutas tali tambang sebagai tuntunan jalan.

Dan setelah itu, kami menyusuri bibir pantai yang berjarak sekitar 150m, setelah itu kami dihibahkan lagi sebuah tantangan lain, yakni mendaki tebing yang sedikit terjal dengan bantuan seutas tali tambang yang berketinggian lebih kurang 17m(asyik kan!!). Dan setelah berjalan lebih kurang 200m, kami harus menyusuri perkebunan jagung yang sangat panjang dan membingungkan karena petunjuk jalan(cet merah berlogo panah) sangat sulit ditemui, yoa.. tak ayal lagi disini banyak peserta yang kesasar. Jalan yang kecil dan bergelombang, ditambah lagi dengan petunjuk jalan yang sulit ditemukan sangat membuat penulis lelah. Karena itu penulis berhenti sejenak untuk mengambil nafas dan menenangkan pikiran. Untung saja penulis membawa sleeping bed nya si Kho-Mar sehingga membuat badan tetap hangat dan tidak terlalu dingin. Setelah santai sejenak dan menghabiskan 2 batang rokok + ngombe, penulis melanjutkan perjalanan. Setelah berjalan berteman bulan purnama dan suara jangkrik yang mendamaikan hati lebih kurang 1,5 jam akhirnya penulis sampai di pos 2 pukul 05:10(seperti biasa lebih kurang, he..). Istirahat lagi dan siap melanjutkan perjalanan ke pos 3. Sekitar 20 menit berjalan, penulis bertemu dengan mulut goa yang di bawahnya jurang dengan batu dan malaikat maut yang siap menanti.

Penelusuran goa ini memiliki tantangan yang bervariasi, mulai dengan menyeberang dengan menggunakan tali tambang, memanjat dinding goa, dan berjalan di batuan yang sangat licin. Tidak saja hubungan dengan alam yang ditekankan disini, tapi juga hubungan dengan sesama peserta sangat penting dijaga dan dilaksanakan dengan baik. Karena melihat route yang seperti ini, tidak mungkin kita akan berjalan sendiri tanpa bantuan peserta lain. Di goa ini, penulis mempunyai cerita yang lucu dan sedikit nyentrik(???). Begini ceritanya,, eng..ing..eng.. setelah menyusuri arus air yang ada di dalam goa, peserta diwajibkan untuk melewati jalur pemanjatan yang telah ditentukan panitia.

Nah, disinilah peran peserta lain terhadap kita sangat diperlukan, mengulurkan tangan untuk membantu peserta lain yang akan naik dari arus air. Sewaktu giliran penulis menaiki jalur pemanjatan, sialnya tidak ada peserta lain yang berada di atas untuk membantu menarik badan penulis. Sebenarnya panitia yang berada disitu telah mencoba membantu penulis untuk naik, namun karena kondisi penulis saat itu yang sedang berada pada keadaan High Confident , mencoba untuk menaiki sendiri jalur pemanjatan dengan mengindahkan uluran tangan dari panitia.

Sewaktu naik pertama sih sukses, nah…. sewaktu penulis menginjakkan kaki pada pijakan terakhir itulah terjadi accident itu. Kaki kanan penulis yang berpijak duluan tersebut kepeleset, sehingga kaki kiri yang belum dapat pijakan spontan naik keatas dan brreeeettt….!!! kenapa hayo??yoa.. celana penulis yang khusus untuk kegiatan alam itu robek… duhhh,, piye iki. Dan lucunya, peserta yang berada di bawah penulis dan kebetulan cewek itu kaget melihat benda aneh berbalut kain (kolor wae!!) kepunyaan penulis yang mungkin belum pernah dilihatnya sebelumnya dan sontak cewek itu ikutan jatuh ke air lagi berbarengan dengan penulis. Wajah penulis langsung memerah dengan kejadian ini karena panitia dan semua peserta lainnya yang berada di situ tertawa sambil guling-gulingan dan ada juga yang loncat-loncatan(kayak mahasiswa yang sukses menurunkan BBM aja!!!??).

Namun apa boleh buat, penulis harus berjalan terus dengan kondisi seperti itu untuk mencari tempat yang sedikit aman untuk mengakalinya,,he…setelah memastikan keadaan di sekitar aman, dengan sigap penulis membungkus bagian yang robek dengan baju pulang basamo 07 karena baju itu dirasa sangat pas untuk menutupi aib ini. Dan setelah aib berhasil ditutupi, penulis melanjutkan perjalanan. Dan lagi-lagi jalur yang dilewati bertemu dengan perkebunan jagung yang sangat luas. Setelah berjalan lebih kurang 1 jam, pada pukul 07:00 (lebih kurang) akhirnya penulis sampai di pos 3. Di pos 3, penulis bertemu lagi dengan saudara Dhodie yang waktu diketemukan sedang santai sambil ngalai-ngalai. Menurut informasi dari peserta lain, kita tidak boleh untuk melanjutkan perjalanan karena untuk sampai ke pos 4 akan datang mobil truk dengan bergantian yang akan membawa seluruh peserta. Untuk memastikan informasi tersebut, penulis mencoba untuk mencari panitia yang berada di lokasi pos 3.

Ternyata memang benar adanya, jalur ke pos 3 ke pos 4 tidak ada routenya, sehingga para peserta akan dibawa dengan menggunakan mobil truk secara bergantian(alah dikecekkan dari tadi!!!nyinyia!!!???). Sambil menunggu antrean mobil dan kedatangan team KPA mersi yang diketuai oleh D ’oeT doank, kami berdua beristirahat sambil berbincang-bincang dengan peserta lain. Akhirnya Pada pukul 09:00(lebih kurang) D ’oeT n team sampai di pos 3. Kami bercerita tentang seputar kejadian di sepanjang perjalanan sambil berfoto-foto ria karena yang megang kamera adalah rombongan team. Setelah antrean sedikit berkurang, ketua umum panitia langsung turun ke lapangan untuk membuat alternatif pengangkutan lebih banyak, yaitu dengan menggunakan mobil super (kayak mobil nya alumni asrama). Dan karena kami adalah peserta yang di spesialkan oleh panitia, kami di berikan kesempatan untuk menaiki mobil tersebut sebagai rombongan pertama. Sebelum memulai perjalanan, pak Totho berdoa dulu sambil mengusap-usap body si mobil. Pak Totho berkata kepada kami bahwa dia bisa dan lihai mengemudikan segala jenis mobil dengan merek apapun. Tentu saja pernyataan bapak itu sedikit mengikis ketakutan kami yang sewaktu itu membanding-bandingkan jalur yang akan dilewati dengan kondisi mobil.

Setelah gas ditancap kami semua para penumpang baru mengerti akan hal yang sedikit terbesit dari pernyataan bapak Totho tersebut. Semua para penumpang bereaksi dengan berekspresi secara sendiri-sendiri untuk menyembunyikan ketakutannya karena pak Totho memang lihai dalam mengemudikan segala jenis mobil dengan merek apapun. Sesampainya di pos 4, kami meletakkan kartu start seperti sebelumnya dan kemudian terus melanjutkan perjalanan. Pos 4 adalah jalur terakhir untuk sampai di finish, dengan route yang lagi-lagi dan lagi…melewati perkebunan jagung warga setempat. Kali ini kami berjalan bersama-sama lagi, karena itu perjalanan menjadi lebih rame dan tentunya berwarna-warni. Jalan sambil mengobrol-obrol santai dan menikmati alam adalah kegiatan terbaik bagi penulis.

Sejenak, kami bersama melupakan semua permasalahan yang terjadi saat ini, mulai dari rencana kenaikan BBM, kalahnya tim Thomas Indonesia(OesMan!!jan pikian bana!!), target IPK kuliah, sampai kurangnya ongkos buat pulang ke Jogja(hihikhik) Karena melalui alam, kita banyak belajar tentang hidup dan kehidupan ini,, semoga..(huh,,bijak ni yee). Setelah berjalan lebih kurang 40 menit, kami menjumpai route sungai kering berbatuan yang di ujungnya ada sebuah bekas tempat air terjun, di penurunan ini kami dituntut untuk menuruni bebatuan licin dengan metode panjat tebing (seru dab!!!). Seperti biasa, kami harus melewati antrean yang ”lumayan” panjang untuk dapat menuruni bebatuan dengan metode panjat tebing ini(apa ya..istilah kerennya?? Tolong dong!!) setelah berhasil melewati tantangan ini, kami berjalan lagi menyusuri sungai kering berbatuan lebih kurang sejauh 200m. Sewaktu asyik berjalan, perjalanan kami terhenti karena di depan kami ada antrean yang lebih bbuannyuak lagi daripada antrean-antrean sebelumnya.

Setelah bertanya ke kiri dan ke kanan, ke depan dan ke belakang (goyang poco-poco mas??) kami mendapat informasi kalo itu adalah antrean untuk mengikuti flying fox(menyeberangi 2 lintasan di ketinggian). Kami pun harus rela untuk ikut dalam antrean yang sangat bejubel ini. Hanya keyakinan dan kesabaranlah yang membuat kami betah untuk mengantri di antrean kali ini. Setelah melewati suasana yang mengaduk-aduk semua jiwa dan raga kami, akhirnya kami sampai juga di lintasan flying fox. Tantangan flying fox ini adalah tantangan yang sangat berkesan bagi penulis. karena maklum, penulis baru kali itu mendapatkan kesempatan untuk berflying fox ria (he,,). Setelah semuanya selesai, kami langsung menuju ke garis finish yang lebih kurang hanya berjarak 70m dari area flying fox. Sesampainya di finish, kami disambut dengan senyum kompak dan hangat oleh panitia dan para peserta lainnya. Senyum yang seolah-olah mengatakan sebuah ucapan selamat kepada kami karena telah sampai di tujuan(finish)…
-SEKIAN-

Ops,,,, ada yang lupa!!Sewaktu terlantar di mesjid ada sekeluarga malaikat berwujud manusia yang telah menyelamatkan salah satu bagian tubuh kami???(perut tau…!!!). Kami sangat berterima kasih pada si Ibuk n Si Adhex yang cantik n imut yang telah menyelamatkan perut kami untuk bekal jalan pulang ke jogja. Sudah sangat Sulit rasanya nemuin orang2 kayak kalian di kota-kota saat ini…


lindri land rock

asih inget ama LINDRI khan? itu loh pejalan kaki termuda yang namanya sempat populer sekitar tahun 1993....
selama 17 tahun berturut-turut tanpa jeda ngadain LOMBA LINTAS ALAM, nah ini dia infonya....

NAMA KEGIATAN
Lomba Lintas Alam LINDRI LAND ROCK XVIII 2008
WAKTU DAN TEMPAT
Sabtu, 17 Mei 2008 pkl. 24.00 WIB (Minggu, 18 Mei 2008 pkl. 00.00 WIB) sampai selesai
Start / Finish : Lapangan Desa Ngentrong Kec. Campur Darat Kab. Tulungagung

KETENTUAN DAN PENDAFTARAN PESERTA
1. Peserta
- BEREGU (3/Tiga Orang) Biaya Pendaftaran Rp. 30.000,-
A. Beregu Putra/Campuran Pa/Pi
B. Beregu Putri
- PERORANGAN Biaya Pendaftaran Rp. 13.000,-
C. Perorangan Putra
D. Perorangan Putri
E. Perorangan Pa/Putri usia 35 th keatas / KTP
2. Pendaftaran dibuka mulai sekarang sampai 17 mei 2008
3. Pendaftaran dilakukan langsung pada tempat2 pendaftaran sbb :
1. Sekretariat Utama : Jl. Ki Mangun Sarkoro VI no. 17 Sobontoro Tulungagung Hp. 081 25 9292 14
2. Surabaya : Jl. Jemur wonosari Gg. Lebar no. 50, Sdr. Capung Ph. 031 8415723
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9. Magetan : Jl. Samodra No. 38, Sdr. Rahman Hp. 0813 3541 0166
10. Ponorogo : Jl. Imam Bonjol No. 45, Sdr. Jeck 081 2596 5954
11. Tuban : Jl. Suruhan RT.02 RW.IV Desa Kesamben Kec. Plumpang, Sdr. Agil Hp. 085648 16 2268

naluri bisnis multi talenta idolaku

Bill Gates

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Bill Gates

Bill Gates at the World Economic Forum in Davos, 2008
Born October 28, 1955 (1955-10-28) (age 52)
Seattle, Washington
Residence Flag of the United States United States
Alma mater Harvard University (dropped out in 1975, honorary degree in 2007)[1]
Occupation Chairman of Microsoft
Co-Chair of Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Net worth US$58 billion (2008)[2]
Spouse(s) Melinda Gates (1994–present)
Children Jennifer Katharine Gates (1996), Rory John Gates (1999) and Phoebe Adele Gates (2002)
Signature
Website
Bill Gates

William Henry "Bill" Gates III (born October 28, 1955),[3] is an American business magnate, philanthropist, the world's third richest person (as of February 8, 2008),[2] the second richest American (as of October 10, 2008),[4][5] and chairman[6] of Microsoft, the software company he founded with Paul Allen. During his career at Microsoft, Gates held the positions of CEO and chief software architect, and remains the largest individual shareholder with more than 8 percent of the common stock.[7] He has also authored or co-authored several books.

Gates is one of the best-known entrepreneurs of the personal computer revolution. Although he is admired by many, a large number of industry insiders criticize his business tactics, which they consider anti-competitive, an opinion which has in some cases been upheld by the courts.[8][9] In the later stages of his career, Gates has pursued a number of philanthropic endeavors, donating large amounts of money to various charitable organizations and scientific research programs through the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, established in 2000.

Bill Gates stepped down as chief executive officer of Microsoft in January, 2000. He remained as chairman and created the position of chief software architect. In June, 2006, Gates announced that he would be transitioning from full-time work at Microsoft to part-time work at Microsoft and full-time work at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. He gradually transferred his duties to Ray Ozzie, chief software architect and Craig Mundie, chief research and strategy officer. Gates's last full-time day at Microsoft was June 27, 2008. He remains at Microsoft as a part-time, non-executive chairman.

Contents

[hide]

Early life

Gates was born in Seattle, Washington, to William H. Gates, Sr. and Mary Maxwell Gates. His family was upper middle class; his father was a prominent lawyer, his mother served on the board of directors for First Interstate BancSystem and the United Way, and her father, J. W. Maxwell, was a national bank president. Gates has one older sister, Kristi (Kristianne), and one younger sister, Libby. He was the fourth of his name in his family, but was known as William Gates III or "Trey" because his father had dropped his own "III" suffix.[10] Early on in his life, Gates's parents had a law career in mind for him.[11]

At thirteen he enrolled in the Lakeside School, an exclusive preparatory school.[12] When he was in the eighth grade, the Mothers Club at the school used proceeds from Lakeside School's rummage sale to buy an ASR-33 teletype terminal and a block of computer time on a General Electric (GE) computer for the school's students.[13] Gates took an interest in programming the GE system in BASIC and was excused from math classes to pursue his interest. He wrote his first computer program on this machine: an implementation of tic-tac-toe that allowed users to play games against the computer. Gates was fascinated by the machine and how it would always execute software code perfectly. When he reflected back on that moment, he commented on it and said, "There was just something neat about the machine."[14] After the Mothers Club donation was exhausted, he and other students sought time on systems including DEC PDP minicomputers. One of these systems was a PDP-10 belonging to Computer Center Corporation (CCC), which banned four Lakeside students—Gates, Paul Allen, Ric Weiland, and Kent Evans—for the summer after it caught them exploiting bugs in the operating system to obtain free computer time.[15]

At the end of the ban, the four students offered to find bugs in CCC's software in exchange for computer time. Rather than use the system via teletype, Gates went to CCC's offices and studied source code for various programs that ran on the system, including programs in FORTRAN, LISP, and machine language. The arrangement with CCC continued until 1970, when it went out of business. The following year, Information Sciences Inc. hired the four Lakeside students to write a payroll program in COBOL, providing them computer time and royalties. After his administrators became aware of his programming abilities, Gates wrote the school's computer program to schedule students in classes. He modified the code so that he was placed in classes with mostly female students. He later stated that "it was hard to tear myself away from a machine at which I could so unambiguously demonstrate success."[14] At age 17, Gates formed a venture with Allen, called Traf-O-Data, to make traffic counters based on the Intel 8008 processor.[16]

Gates graduated from Lakeside School in 1973. He scored 1590 out of 1600 on the Scholastic Aptitude Test[17] and subsequently enrolled at Harvard College in the fall of 1973.[18] Prior to the mid 1990s, an SAT score of 1590 was equivalent to an IQ of about 170 (roughly the one in a million level),[19] a figure that would frequently be cited by the press.[20] While at Harvard, he met his future business partner, Steve Ballmer, whom he later appointed as CEO of Microsoft. He also met computer scientist Christos Papadimitriou at Harvard, with whom he collaborated on a paper about algorithms.[21] He did not have a definite study plan while a student at Harvard[22] and spent a lot of time using the school's computers. He remained in contact with Paul Allen, joining him at Honeywell during the summer of 1974.[23] The following year saw the release of the MITS Altair 8800 based on the Intel 8080 CPU, and Gates and Allen saw this as the opportunity to start their own computer software company.[24] He had talked this decision over with his parents, who were supportive of him after seeing how much Gates wanted to start a company.[22]

Microsoft

Main articles: History of Microsoft and Microsoft

BASIC

MITS Altair 8800 Computer with 8 inch floppy disk system
MITS Altair 8800 Computer with 8 inch floppy disk system

After reading the January 1975 issue of Popular Electronics that demonstrated the Altair 8800, Gates contacted Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS), the creators of the new microcomputer, to inform them that he and others were working on a BASIC interpreter for the platform.[25] In reality, Gates and Allen did not have an Altair and had not written code for it; they merely wanted to gauge MITS's interest. MITS president Ed Roberts agreed to meet them for a demo, and over the course of a few weeks they developed an Altair emulator that ran on a minicomputer, and then the BASIC interpreter. The demonstration, held at MITS's offices in Albuquerque, was a success and resulted in a deal with MITS to distribute the interpreter as Altair BASIC. Paul Allen was hired into MITS,[26] and Gates took a leave of absence from Harvard to work with Allen at MITS in Albuquerque in November 1975. They named their partnership "Micro-soft" and had their first office located in Albuquerque.[26] Within a year, the hyphen was dropped, and on November 26, 1976, the trade name "Microsoft" was registered with the USPTO.[26]

Microsoft's BASIC was popular with computer hobbyists, but Gates discovered that a pre-market copy had leaked into the community and was being widely copied and distributed. In February 1976, Gates wrote an Open Letter to Hobbyists in the MITS newsletter saying that MITS could not continue to produce, distribute, and maintain high-quality software without payment.[27] This letter was unpopular with many computer hobbyists, but Gates persisted in his belief that software developers should be able to demand payment. Microsoft became independent of MITS in late 1976, and it continued to develop programming language software for various systems.[26] The company moved from Albuquerque to its new home in Bellevue, Washington on January 1, 1979.[25]

During Microsoft's early years, all employees had broad responsibility for the company's business. Gates oversaw the business details, but continued to write code as well. In the first five years, he personally reviewed every line of code the company shipped, and often rewrote parts of it as he saw fit.[28]

IBM partnership

In 1980, IBM approached Microsoft to write the BASIC interpreter for its upcoming personal computer, the IBM PC. When IBM's representatives mentioned that they needed an operating system, Gates referred them to Digital Research (DRI), makers of the widely used CP/M operating system.[29] IBM's discussions with Digital Research went poorly, and they did not reach a licensing agreement. IBM representative Jack Sams mentioned the licensing difficulties during a subsequent meeting with Gates and told him to get an acceptable operating system. A few weeks later Gates proposed using 86-DOS (QDOS), an operating system similar to CP/M that Tim Paterson of Seattle Computer Products had made for hardware similar to the PC. Microsoft made a deal with SCP to become the exclusive licensing agent, and later the full owner, of 86-DOS. After adapting the operating system for the PC, Microsoft delivered it to IBM as PC-DOS in exchange for a one-time fee of $50,000. Gates insisted that IBM let Microsoft keep the copyright on the operating system, because he believed that other hardware vendors would clone IBM's system.[30] They did, and the sales of MS-DOS made Microsoft a major player in the industry.[31]

Windows

Gates oversaw Microsoft's company restructuring on June 25, 1981, which re-incorporated the company in Washington and made Gates President of Microsoft and the Chairman of the Board.[25] Microsoft launched its first retail version of Microsoft Windows on November 20, 1985, and in August, the company struck a deal with IBM to develop a separate operating system called OS/2. Although the two companies successfully developed the first version of the new system, mounting creative differences undermined the partnership. Gates distributed an internal memo on May 16, 1991 announcing that the OS/2 partnership was over and Microsoft would shift its efforts to the Windows NT kernel development.[32]

Management style

Bill Gates giving his deposition at Microsoft on August 27, 1998
Bill Gates giving his deposition at Microsoft on August 27, 1998

From Microsoft's founding in 1975 until 2006, Gates had primary responsibility for the company's product strategy. He aggressively broadened the company's range of products, and wherever Microsoft achieved a dominant position he vigorously defended it.

As an executive, Gates met regularly with Microsoft's senior managers and program managers. Firsthand accounts of these meetings describe him as verbally combative, berating managers for perceived holes in their business strategies or proposals that placed the company's long-term interests at risk.[33][34] He often interrupted presentations with such comments as, "That's the stupidest thing I've ever heard!"[35] and, "Why don't you just give up your options and join the Peace Corps?"[36] The target of his outburst then had to defend the proposal in detail until, hopefully, Gates was fully convinced.[35] When subordinates appeared to be procrastinating, he was known to remark sarcastically, "I'll do it over the weekend."[6][37][38]

Gates's role at Microsoft for most of its history was primarily a management and executive role. However, he was an active software developer in the early years, particularly on the company's programming language products. He has not officially been on a development team since working on the TRS-80 Model 100 line, but wrote code as late as 1989 that shipped in the company's products.[37] On June 15, 2006, Gates announced that he would transition out of his day-to-day role over the next two years to dedicate more time to philanthropy. He divided his responsibilities between two successors, placing Ray Ozzie in charge of day-to-day management and Craig Mundie in charge of long-term product strategy.[39]

Antitrust law violations

Further information: United States Microsoft antitrust case and European Union Microsoft competition case

Many decisions that led to antitrust litigation over Microsoft's business practices have had Gates's approval. In the 1998 United States v. Microsoft case, Gates gave deposition testimony that several journalists characterized as evasive. He argued with examiner David Boies over the contextual meaning of words like "compete," "concerned," and "we."[40] BusinessWeek reported:

Early rounds of his deposition show him offering obfuscatory answers and saying 'I don't recall,' so many times that even the presiding judge had to chuckle. Worse, many of the technology chief's denials and pleas of ignorance were directly refuted by prosecutors with snippets of e-mail Gates both sent and received.[41]

Gates later said that he had simply resisted attempts by Boies to mischaracterize his words and actions. As to his demeanor during the deposition, he said, "Did I fence with Boies? ... I plead guilty. Whatever that penalty is should be levied against me: rudeness to Boies in the first degree."[42] Despite Gates's denials, the judge ruled that Microsoft had committed monopolization and tying, blocking competition, in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act.[42]

The European Union Microsoft competition case is also a case brought by the European Commission of the European Union (EU) against Microsoft for abuse of its dominant position in the market (according to competition law). It started as a complaint from Novell over Microsoft's licensing practices in 1993, and eventually resulted in the EU ordering Microsoft to divulge certain information about its server products and release a version of Microsoft Windows without Windows Media Player.

Appearance in ads

Bill Gates decided in 2008 to appear in at least 1 commercial in a series of ads to promote Microsoft. This commercial, co-starring Jerry Seinfeld, is a 1 and a half minute talk between strangers as Seinfeld walks up on a discount shoe store (Shoe Circus) in a mall and notices Bill Gates buying shoes inside. The salesman is trying to sell Mr. Gates shoes that are a size too big. Mr. Seinfeld begins to inform him about a pair of shoes called Conquistadors that run "a little tight" and sells him on them in a size 10 (whereas the store clerk was attempting an 11). As Mr. Gates is buying the shoes he holds up his discount card, this card uses a slightly altered version of his own mugshot of his arrest in New Mexico in 1977 for a traffic violation [43]. As they are walking out of the mall, Jerry Seinfeld asks Bill Gates if he has melded his mind to other developers, after getting a yes, he then asks if they are working on a way to make computers edible, again getting a yes. Most critics are still in debate over the exact meaning of this commercial saying that it is too vague to make sense to them. Though some say that it is an homage to Mr. Seinfeld's own show about "nothing"(Seinfeld). [44]

Personal life

Gates married Melinda Gates (née French) from Dallas, Texas on January 1, 1994. They have three children: Jennifer Katharine(1996), Rory John(1999) and Phoebe Adele(2002). Bill Gates' house is a 21st century earth-sheltered home in the side of a hill overlooking Lake Washington in Medina, Washington. According to King County public records, as of 2006, the total assessed value of the property (land and house) is $125 million, and the annual property tax is $991,000. Also among Gates's private acquisitions is the Codex Leicester, a collection of writings by Leonardo da Vinci, which Gates bought for $30.8 million at an auction in 1994.[45] Gates is also known as an avid reader, and the ceiling of his large home library is engraved with a quotation from The Great Gatsby.[46] He also enjoys playing bridge, tennis, and golf.[47][48]

Gates was number one on the "Forbes 400" list from 1993 through to 2007 and number one on Forbes list of "The World's Richest People" from 1995 to 2007. In 1999, Gates's wealth briefly surpassed $101 billion, causing the media to call him a "centibillionaire".[49] Since 2000, the nominal value of his Microsoft holdings has declined due to a fall in Microsoft's stock price after the dot-com bubble burst and the multi-billion dollar donations he has made to his charitable foundations. In a May 2006 interview, Gates commented that he wished that he were not the richest man in the world because he disliked the attention it brought.[50] Gates has several investments outside Microsoft, which in 2006 paid him a salary of $616,667, and $350,000 bonus totalling $966,667.[51] He founded Corbis, a digital imaging company, in 1989. In 2004 he became a director of Berkshire Hathaway, the investment company headed by long-time friend Warren Buffett.[52]

Philanthropy

Further information: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

Gates began to realize the expectations others had of him when public opinion mounted that he could give more of his wealth to charity. Gates studied the work of Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller and in 1994 sold some of his Microsoft stock to create the William H. Gates Foundation. In 2000, Gates and his wife combined three family foundations into one to create the charitable Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which is the largest transparently operated charitable foundation in the world.[53] The foundation is setup to allow benefactors access how its money is being spent, unlike other major charitable organizations such as the Wellcome Trust.[54][55] The generosity and extensive philanthropy of David Rockefeller has been credited as a major influence. Gates and his father have met with Rockefeller several times and have modeled their giving in part on the Rockefeller family's philanthropic focus, namely those global problems that are ignored by governments and other organizations.[56] As of 2007 Bill and Melinda Gates were the second most generous philanthropist in America, having given over $28 billion to charity.[57]

The foundation has also received criticism because it invests the assets that it has not yet distributed, with the exclusive goal of maximizing the return on investment. As a result, its investments include companies that have been criticized for worsening poverty in the same developing countries where the Foundation is attempting to relieve poverty. These include companies that pollute heavily and pharmaceutical companies that do not sell into the developing world.[58] In response to press criticism, the foundation announced in 2007 a review of its investments to assess social responsibility.[59] It subsequently cancelled the review and stood by its policy of investing for maximum return, while using voting rights to influence company practices.[60]

Recognition

Time magazine named Gates one of the 100 people who most influenced the 20th century, as well as one of the 100 most influential people of 2004, 2005, and 2006. Time also collectively named Gates, his wife Melinda and alternative rock band U2's lead singer Bono as the 2005 Persons of the Year for their humanitarian efforts.[61] In 2006, he was voted eighth in the list of "Heroes of our time".[62] Gates was listed in the Sunday Times power list in 1999, named CEO of the year by Chief Executive Officers magazine in 1994, ranked number one in the "Top 50 Cyber Elite" by Time in 1998, ranked number two in the Upside Elite 100 in 1999 and was included in The Guardian as one of the "Top 100 influential people in media" in 2001.[63]

Gates has received honorary doctorates from Nyenrode Business Universiteit, Breukelen, The Netherlands in 2000,[64] the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden in 2002, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan in 2005, Harvard University in June 2007,[65] and from Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, in January 2008.[66] Gates was also made an honorary Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) from Queen Elizabeth II in 2005,[67] in addition to having entomologists name the Bill Gates flower fly, Eristalis gatesi, in his honor.[68]

In November 2006, he and his wife were awarded the Order of the Aztec Eagle for their philanthropic work around the world in the areas of health and education, particularly in Mexico, and specifically in the program "Un país de lectores".[69]


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penjelajahan ke gunung arjuno

(Dialihkan dari Gunung Arjuna)
Langsung ke: navigasi, cari
Gunung Arjuno
Gunung Arjuno

Gunung Arjuno terletak di Malang, Jawa Timur, bertype Strato dengan ketinggian 3.339 m dpl dan berada di bawah Pengelolaan Tahura Raden Soeryo. Biasanya gunung ini dicapai dari dua titik pendakian yang cukup dikenal yaitu dari Tretes dan Batu.

Gunung Arjuno bersebelahan dengan Gunung Welirang. Puncak gunung Arjuno terletak pada satu punggungan yang sama dengan puncak gunung Welirang. Selain dari dua tempat diatas Guung Arjuno dapat didaki dari berbagai arah yang lain. Gunung yang terletak di sebelah barat Batu, Malang - Jawa Timur ini juga merupakan salah satu tujuan pendakian. Disamping tingginya yang telah mencapai lebih dari 3000 meter, di gunung ini terdapat beberapa objek wisata. Salah satunya adalah objek wisata air terjun Kakek Bodo yang juga merupakan salah satu jalur pendakian menuju puncak Gunung Arjuna. Meskipun selain objek wisata air terjun Kakek Bodo terdapat pula air terjun lain, tetapi para wisatawan jarang yang mendatangi air terjun lainnya, mungkin karena letak dan sarana wisatanya kurang mendukung.

Gunung Arjuno mempunyai kawasan hutan Dipterokarp Bukit, hutan Dipterokarp Atas, hutan Montane, dan Hutan Ericaceous atau hutan gunung.

Gunung Arjuno dapat didaki dan berhagai arah, arah Utara (Tretes) melalui Gunung Welirang,dan arah Timur (Lawang) dan dari arah Barat (Batu-Selecta), dan arah selatan (Karangploso)

detective conan

Case Closed

First volume of the original Japanese release of the series
名探偵 コナン
(Detective Conan)
Genre Comedy-drama, detective fiction
Manga
Author Gosho Aoyama
Publisher Flag of Japan Shogakukan
English publisher Flag of Canada Flag of the United States Viz Media
Flag of the United Kingdom Gollancz Manga
Demographic Shōnen
Magazine Flag of Japan Shōnen Sunday
Flag of Malaysia Weekly Comic (漫画周刊)
Flag of Thailand Neoz
Original run 1994ongoing
Volumes 62
TV anime
Director Kenji Kodama, Yasuichiro Yamamoto
Studio Tokyo Movie Shinsha (TMS)
Network Flag of Japan NTV, Yomiuri TV, Animax
English network Flag of Canada TV Japan, YTV
Flag of the United States TV Japan, FUNimation Channel, Adult Swim (Previously)
Original run January 8, 1996ongoing
Episodes 515
TV drama: Kudō Shin'ichi he no Chōsenjō Sayonara Made no Joshō (prologue)
Director Toshizaku Tanaka
Network NTV, Yomiuri TV
Original run October 2, 2006December 17, 2007
Episodes 2
Related

Movies (12), OVAs (8)

Case Closed, known as Detective Conan (名探偵 コナン Meitantei Konan?) in Japan and most other countries, is a detective manga and anime series written and illustrated by Gosho Aoyama and serialized in Weekly Shōnen Sunday since 1994. In the English world, it was renamed "Case Closed" due to legal issues concerning the name with that of the Conan the Barbarian franchise.[1]

Case Closed follows the adventures of Jimmy Kudo, a young detective who was investigating a secret criminal organization when he was knocked out and given a drug that was supposed to kill him, but inadvertently turned him into a prepubescent boy.

Case Closed is adapted into an anime series by the animation studio Tokyo Movie Shinsha, directed by Kenji Kodama and Yasuichiro Yamamoto, and airs in Japan on Nippon Television, Yomiuri TV and Animax. The first episode aired on January 8, 1996, with 514 episodes as of September 8, 2008. The series has seen high levels of popularity in both manga and anime formats in Japan since its reception, and has also been adapted into 12 Golden Week movies, with the first released on April 17, 1997, and one movie released each year since. Ten of the movies held a top 10 box office position in the year they were screened. In addition, nine OVAs have been released.

Contents

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[edit] Plot

See also: List of Case Closed characters

Jimmy Kudo, 17-year-old high school student, while investigating a blackmail case, is attacked by two members of the Black Organization and is given a newly-developed drug that is supposed to kill him. However, due to a rare and generally unknown side effect, the drug doesn't kill him, but transforms his body into that of an seven-year-old grade schooler.

In order to hide his identity and investigate the whereabouts of the Black Organization, he adopts the pseudonym Conan Edogawa, moves in with his childhood friend and crush Rachel Moore, and enrolls in elementary school. He continues investigating criminal cases with Rachel and her inept private investigator father, Richard Moore. Jimmy also performs investigations through the Junior Detective League (少年探偵団 Shōnen Tantei-dan?), a group he forms with his friends at the elementary school. As the series progresses, so does the relationship between Jimmy and Rachel.

Later in the series, his investigation into the Black Organization catches him in the crossfire between the members of the Black Organization and the FBI and CIA agents that were sent to investigate the Black Organization.

[edit] Media

[edit] Manga

The manga was first serialized in the fifth issue Shōnen Sunday in 1994, written and drawn by Gosho Aoyama. The manga has, after that, been continually serialized on Since then, Shōnen Sunday. The first tankoubon was also published by Shogakukan in 1994; it has spanned 61 volumes[2], and continuing. The manga has been highly popular in Japan; the tankoubon has received multiple first places in bestselling lists [3].

Viz Media publishes Detective Conan manga in the United States and Canada; Gollancz publishes the manga in the United Kingdom using Viz Media's English translation.[4] Out of the adaption of character names used in the anime version, there is no significant change between the English translations and the Japanese versions. Currently, there are twenty-five known English books.

[edit] Anime

Directed by Kenji Kodama and Yasuichiro Yamamoto and produced by Tokyo Movie Shinsha and Yomiuri Telecasting Corporation, the Case Closed anime series first premiered in Japan on January 8, 1996 on Yomiuri TV and Nippon TV. The series spans thirteen seasons so far, with 514 episodes airing as of September 8, 2008.[5]

It is licensed for English language release in North America by Funimation Entertainment. The English dubbed episodes began airing on Cartoon Network as part of their Adult Swim programming block on May 24, 2004. Fifty episodes aired until it was canceled in January 2005 due to low ratings. The dubbed episodes aired in Canada on YTV's Bionix programming block from April 7, 2006 until it was cancelled on September 2, 2006. They also aired on the Funimation Channel programming block on CoLours TV starting June 19, 2006. As of 2008, FUNimation has released a total of 82 episodes to Region 1 DVD. On July 22, 2008, Funimation released its first 26-episode season box set, with a second season set scheduled for release on September 30th, 2008. The series has also been dubbed into English by the anime television network Animax and broadcast on its English-language networks in Southeast Asia.[6][7]

[edit] TV drama

There are currently two single-episode TV drama made for this series, one in 2006 and one in 2007.

The first drama, which was premièred in Japan on Nippon Television on October 2, 2006. It served as a prequel of the current storyline, starring Shun Oguri as Shinichi Kudo (Jimmy Kudo), Tomoka Kurokawa as Ran Mouri (Rachel Moore), and Takanori Jinnai as Kogoro Mouri (Richard Moore).[8]

The second TV drama was premiered on December 17, 2007, with added characters such as Yu Kashii as Shiho Miyano, Sasaki Kuranosuke as Gin, Tayama Ryosei as Agasa, Fujisaki Nao (Conan) and Shibata Kyoka (Haibara).

[edit] Movies

Since 1997, there has been an animated Case Closed movie released on every Golden Week. With the exception of the first movie, all Case Closed movies have been one of the highest-grossing movies on the year it was screened in Japan.

The first movie, Case Closed: The Time-Bombed Skyscraper (名探偵コナン 時計じかけの摩天楼 Meitantei Conan: Tokei-jikake no matenrou?) was screened on April 19, 1997, directed by Michihiko Sawa and written by Kazunari Kochi. It was partly based on Gosho Aoyama's planned ending for Magic Kaito[9], on a chain of arson/bombing cases around Tokyo, intertwined with Rachel's request for a date with Jimmy in a place destined to be bombed. It was released by FUNimation in 2006, and short of standard name changes, there was no significant changes to the English adaptation.

The second movie, Case Closed: The Fourteenth Target (名探偵コナン 14番目の標的 Meitantei Conan Jyuuyon banme no Tagetto?), was debuted on April 18, 1998, and the English version was released in 2007. Directed by Kanetsugu Kodama and written by Kazunari Kochi, it was about a case where people close to Richard Moore were attacked in a way similar to The A.B.C. Murders. This movie achieved a distributor's income of 1.05 billion Japanese yen[10]. It was released by FUNimation as DVD in 2007. Although the storyline remained the same, due to character name changes, there has been a significant changes on the explanation of the names used.

The third movie, Case Closed: The Last Wizard of the Century (名探偵コナン 世紀末の魔術師 Meitantei Conan Seikimatsu no Majutsushi?), was debuted on April 17, 1999. It shared the same director and writer as the last movie, being Kanetsugu Kodama and Kazunari Kochi respectively. This movie was on a newly-discovered Faberge egg that was subjected to Phantom Thief Kid's warning-- and a murder case that involves the descendant of Rasputin. This movie achieved a distributor's income of 1.45 billion Japanese yen[11].

The fourth movie, Case Closed: Captured in Her Eyes (名探偵コナン 瞳の中の暗殺者 Meitantei Conan Hitomi no Naka no Ansatsusha?), was first screened on April 22, 2000. Directed and wrote by the same staff of the previous two movies, Captured in Her Eyes was about Rachel Moore got entangled a series of murder cases where police officers were victims when a failed murder attempt made her amnesiac and made herself another target of the killer. This movie achieved a box office income of 2.5 billion Japanese yen.[12]

The fifth movie, Case Closed: Countdown to Heaven (名探偵コナン 天国へのカウントダウン Meitantei Conan Tengoku e no Kauntodaun?), was first screened on 21 April 2001. Keeping the director and writer of previous movies, in this movie the murder of a developer, the bombing of the latest development of the development, together with Dark organization and Anita Hailey's suspicious phone calls, brought it the box office of 2.9 billion Japanese yen.[13]

The sixth movie, Case Closed: The Phantom of Baker Street (名探偵コナン ベイカー街の亡霊 Meitantei Conan Beikā Sutorīto no Bōrei?), was first screeened on 20 April 2002. This movie was written by famed scriptwriter Hisashi Nozawa, but kept Kanetsugu Kodama as director. This movie was a double story: in real life, the murder of a IT magnate's chief programmer, and in the virtual world, the virtual reality game that Conan etc. was in their lives were in stake. This movie brought 3.4 billion yen in box office, the highest in all the movie so far.[14]

The seventh movie, Case Closed: Crossroad in the Ancient Capital (名探偵コナン 迷宮の十字路 Meitantei Conan Meikyū no Kurosurōdo?), was first screened on 19 April 2003. The writer was reverted to Kazunari Kochi while Kanetsugu Kodama was kept as the director. Staged in Kyoto, this movie was the unmasking of a gang of antique robbers. This movie brought box office income of 3.2 billion yen.[15]

The eighth movie, Case Closed: Magician of the Silver Sky (名探偵コナン 銀翼の奇術師 Meitantei Conan Gin-yoku no Majishan?), was first screened on April 17, 2004. This was the first of Yasuichiro Yamamoto's Case Closed movies, but Kazunari Kochi kept as the writer. The movie was about a poisoning case on an airliner, and since the pilot and co-pilot were also affected, Conan Edogawa and Kid the Phantom Thief were forced to take case of the lives of the passengers. The movie brought the box office income of 2.8 billion yen.[16]

The ninth movie, Case Closed: Strategy Above the Depths (名探偵コナン 水平線上の陰謀 Meitantei Conan Suiheisenjō no Sutoratejī?), was first screened on April 19, 2005. The movie kept the previous movie's director and writer, being Yasuichiro Yamamoto and Kazunari Kochi respectively. Set on a cruise ship and integrating the murder of the shipbuilder, a shipwreck disaster, and part of Rachel Moore and Jimmy Kudo's past, this movie brought box office of 2.15 billion yen.[17]

The tenth movie, Case Closed: The Private Eyes' Requiem (名探偵コナン 探偵たちの鎮魂歌 Meitantei Conan Tantei-tachi no Requiem?) [18] was announced on December 15, 2005 and was released on April 15, 2006, debuting at the number one position in the Japanese box office[19] and remained there for three consecutive weeks. As of May 28, 2006, it has earned $25.8 million in the Japanese box office.[20] Directed by Taiichiro Yamamoto and written by Kazunari Kochi, it was about Conan's investigation of an old murder case as Rachel etc. were held hostage. Important personnel like Harley Hartwell, Kid the Phantom Thief and Saguru Hakuba have all appeared in this movie.

The eleventh movie, Case Closed: Jolly Roger in the Deep Azure (名探偵コナン 紺碧の棺 Meitantei Conan Konpeki no Jorī Rojā?), was first released on 27 April 2007. Written by Kazunari Kochi and directed by Kanetsugu Kodama, the movie was about the murder of treasure hunters and the alleged looty left by pirate Anne Bonny on a Japanese island. This movie brought in 2.53 billion yen[21].

The twelfth movie, Case Closed: Full Score of Fear (名探偵コナン 戦慄の楽譜 Meitantei Conan Senritsu no Furu Sukoa?)[22] was announced on February 20, 2008[23] , and released on April 19, 2008, debuting at the number one position in the Japanese box office.[24] [25] It is unknown how long it remained there for at this time. There have been reports that the advertising for the film was limited, yet normal for a Detective Conan movie.[26] It was reported that (an estimate of) 350,000 people watched the movie in its opening weekend alone.[27] As of May 5, 2008 the movie has earned over 420.03 million yen.[28]

[edit] Reception

In 2001, the manga won the Shogakukan Manga Award for shōnen, along with Cheeky Angel by Hiroyuki Nishimori.[29]

At the 5th Annual Tokyo Anime Awards competition, the ninth Detective Conan movie, Detective Conan: Strategy Above the Depths, won the Feature Film category, together with Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam: Heirs To The Stars.[30]

TV Asahi, in a national survey conducted in 2005, put the series to the sixth in the top 100 anime[31], while in a web survey also conducted by the same TV network, the series was put to the eighth[32]. The same poll, done in 2006, put the series in the 23rd place using the online poll, and 43rd basing on a survey of 100 celebrities.[33]

Due to its high popularity, several Japanese government agencies had used the series to promote government policies, including the mission of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs[34], the history of the G8 Summit[35], and general crime fighting[36].

Several anime has made parody of this series. For example, in episode 30 of Hayate the Combat Butler, Nagi Sanzen'in, in detective mode, wore Conan's trademark glasses, and mocked Case Closed's starting line "In a child's body but with the brain of an adult, my name is, Detective Conan!" into "In a tsundere's body but with the brain of a NEET, my name is, Detective Nagi!" and the way Conan Edogawa used Richard Moore in solving the case.